During their interview, what is Chillingworth’s attitude toward Hester and her act of
infidelity? Why is this important to the theme of the novel? How does this set the tone, setting, mood, and any other elements for the story?
Why is it that the woman is persecuted and not the man? Think not just about the current circumstances in the novel, but also about the time period. Do we still do anything similar to this to woman today?
Respond to two of your classmates in at least one well developed paragraph.
Chillingworth is Hester's husband. While in the cell, Chillingworth tells Hester he knew that in some way he would lose her because she was so young and he was "decaying." He says he had sinned first because he married her so young and she did not have many feelings for him. Chillingworth says that their sins, her infidelity and his mistake in the past, are almost balanced. "Between thee and me, the scale hangs fairly balanced." page 72. His attitude is understanding and he does not want vengeance but wants to know who Hester sinned with. This is important to the theme of the novel because of their sin. Chillingworth is set on finding out who the other sinner is and it seems likely this will cause problems later on in the novel because of Hester's reaction. "Thy acts are like mercy ... but thy words interpret thee as a terror," page 73 and "Art thou like the black man that haunts the forest," referring to the devil.
ReplyDeleteHester is the only one persecuted because no one knows who the other sinner is except Hester. Hester refuses to reveal the man's name and would rather carry both of their guilt and shame. In the time period in which the novel takes place there is a high regard for religion. Most of the townspeople are Christian and the sin of adultery is seen as a major crime. One of the women in the story suggested Hester to be branded and another for Hester to be sentenced to death for bringing shame upon the entire town. In this time period women were subordinate to men, it is possible that if the man was discovered that he would not have to pay the same price Hester had to pay for both of their sins. Even in today's society women are treated with bias and are victims of sexism if they are promiscuous as Hester was in the novel. Men who act similarly are not treated with the same disapproval that women receive.
You make very good points, Gloria. Chillingworth sees their sins as equal, much like God sees ours. He seems to be a very different man though, because any man today would be pissed. I too believe that with Chillingworth wanting to know who she committed her sin with, it will cause problems in the future. Who knows, he might kill the feller.
DeleteI agree with you completely on both parts. Chillingworth has hindsight bias and doesn't blame Hester. Seeking revenge, Chillingworth definitely has his eyes on Hester's anonymous lover. I agree with both you and Steven, "he might kill the feller." They are not just Christians, they are puritans. They are extreme. I don't think the man, if identified, would have to pay the same price as Hester, either.
DeleteI agree with gloria that women are still not treated today with much respect then before. The fact that the way religion now handles sins is not that much of an overaction. Men can sin just the same as women but men wont get the same disapproval as women did
DeleteI agree with all of you kids on this. Women are still seen as inferior for some reason, even if equality is making great advances. Men's mistakes are considered negligible or even praised in some situations, where this is not the case for women.
DeleteDuring the interview, Chillingworth's attitude is not what you would expect. Especially for someone who just found out that their significant other was committing adultery. He doesn't seem to blame Hester much. He blames himself more than anything else. Chillingworth says that he never believed he could have kept her because she was young and beautiful. He is more concerned with who she committed the sin with than anything else. This helps set out the foundation of the tone for the rest of the story and is even more concrete when Hester calls him the devil.
ReplyDeleteThe women is persecuted and not the men because women are shamed easier, in my opinion. Women, in almost all of history, seem to be easier to be belittled. They are the easiest to attack in every sense of the word. I believe that this is consistent in history and in the present. When adultery was committed, the women was stoned for it. When a girl is raped, the girl is blamed for it. For some reason, the blame always goes to the women with very little hesitation.
I agree, there is something odd in the way Chillingworth reacts to the situation. The calm attitude he has towards Hester seems very strange to me especially when his wife has had a child with another man. Women are easier to shame because of the assumptions that are made about them. Many people say women are "overly emotional" and so they are easier to target and blame than men are. Throughout history women have always been treated as second rate to men.
DeleteYes, I agree. As I said before, he seems a little different in the way he handles the situation. He's way too calm in my opinion. I don't so much as agree that women are shamed easier. I believe she is shamed simply because no one knows who the man is. You would think for her to be "overly emotional," she would snitch on the man. I've also never seen a rape case that is blamed on a woman. The only time it backfires on the woman is if she fakes it, or falsely accuses the man, such as the Jameis Winston case. As for the women being stoned, the woman has to be strong enough to say no, and keep her legs closed. Basically, she lets it happen, so she is murdered. BUT, I do see where you're coming from. A man committing adultry weighs the same as a woman committing adultery in God's eyes.
DeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
DeleteWhat's wrong with being calm? Hester, his wife, slept with this other guy. Chillingworth came back to make things worse. He wants revenge. I don't think him being outrageously angry or insane would bring him anything. As he acted as if he already knew what he was going to do. Any other emotion was unnecessary. I think his reaction is simply the start of a bigger plan to make things worse for Hester and find out who is her baby's daddy.
DeleteHester's husband, Chillingworth attitude towards her is anger towards her and he does everything he can just to ignore her because he knows that deep inside he still loves her. But also Chillingworth wants revenge on Hester because she is the only one who knows that he is also a sinner. This Is an important factor in the story because it sets the whole theme of sin, Chillingworth and Hester are represented almost like Adam and Eve. The theme of sin has an important factor in the setting, tone, and mood because in the story the readers see how the townspeople start to isolate Hester and her daughter because they believe that they are sinners and are sent from the devil.
ReplyDeleteHester Is the only one being persecuted because no one in the town knows who sinned with her, only Hester knows. During the time period, religion was highly praised and people based their lives on the religion they practiced. Women during that time period were treated less then men because in the story of Adam and Eve, Eve was the one who was tempted to eat the apple when she was told not to, from there people blamed women that their the reason why everyone is a sinner. Even in the society today women are sinned from adultery but they are not presecuted it is known to commit adultery but they won't take it as serious as they did before. Women are not being mistreated but yet they still are not treated equally.
Chillingworth was not so angry with Hester, he didn't blame her completely and even blamed himself for his own sins. Eve is seen as the weak one for getting tempted with the fruit, and that is similar to Hester being weak and commiting adultery while her husband was away.Religion was very important during the novel's time period and still is today but the sin of adultery is not as punished today as it once was back then. I agree there are some inequalities in the ways women and men are treated in today's society.
DeleteI agree with Gloria. Chillingworth was not mad at Hester and didn't blame her for it, but he also blamed himself for all his sins he too had committed. The way women and men are treated in society are different, but women are still seen as the weak and I believe will continue to be seen as so for a a while more. In my opinion I think it's stupid the way Hester was persecuted, bit the. again it was another time period.
DeleteI agree with gloria and yadira (now that i saw the video on the computer because my phone was being stupid) about Chillingworth's attitude. He wasnt mad or angry towards her but it was almost as if he was feeling sorry for her because he also takes the blame for it, he knows that he has sinned as well.
DeleteChillingworth's attitude during the interview is not one that I consider to be normal, given the circumstances that he just found out that his wife was committing adultery. Chillingworth takes the blame for her actions, being that he married her at such a young age. I believe that he is more worried about who the sin was committed with, rather than her committing the sin in the first place. Much like any man would do in this situation, Chillingworth wants to know who was the cause of this turmoil. I see this playing a big role as the novel continues on.
ReplyDeleteThe sole reason why Hester is being persecuted and not the man is simply because no one knows who the man is, and Hester refuses to say. When she is on the scaffold, people from the crowd say, "Speak; and give your child a father!" She responds, "I will not speak! And my child must seek a heavenly father; she shall never know an earthly one!"(pg 66). In today's day and age, adultery has become accepted as the norm. While elders would have scorned her and warned her of the hard times ahead, her friends would be excited for her. So as far as today's time is concerned, no she would not be persecuted. Things would be way different.
Chillingworth's attitude could definitely be described as abnormal. It was also my belief that Chillingworth was more concerned with the identity of Hester's lover. I agree, there's definitely more to come! I don't think the identity of the man would lead to an actual persecution, just a public shaming. (You could also think--if she gave him up and the child had another parent, they'd probably be more harsh with her punishment.) I think in modern times, adultery has become easier to commit and easier to catch. Hester's lover could easily be identified in minutes if Hester had a smartphone.
DeleteI agree with the fact that Chillingworth's behavior towards everything that has occurred is strange. Especially since he seems to be more concerned with who is the other man Hester cheated on him with. I also that if the man were to be discovered it would probably just earn him a slap to the wrist unlike Hester who is being publicly shamed by having to wear the letter A for the crime of adultery.
DeleteI agree with your statement of how Chillingworth's attitude was during the interview. I personally think though he acted as if he didn't care about his wife committing adultery, but deep down he does and that's why he plans on seeking revenge. I also agree with your point that he is actually more concerned about who the sin was actually committed with. Nobody know's who the other sinner is and Hester is dedicated towards not telling anyone who it was.
DeleteDuring their interview, what is Chillingworth’s attitude toward Hester and her act of
ReplyDeleteinfidelity? Why is this important to the theme of the novel? How does this set the tone, setting, mood, and any other elements for the story?
Chillingworth’s attitude toward Hester regarding her infidelity during their interview was one that surprised both Hester and the reader. Initially, she thought the potion he’d brought her was poison. She rejected it, asking him if he’d really like her child to be left without a mother, “Wouldst thou avenge thyself on the innocent babe?” (page 67) Chillingworth made it apparent that the target of his vengeance would be the man that Hester laid with. This scene in the book is important to one of the themes of the novel, sin. On page 72, Hester says that Chillingworth is “like the Black Man...that will prove the ruin of my soul.” She is telling him that he is like the devil and has brought her to sin. The tone, setting, mood, and other elements of the story have been set not only by the descriptions given by the narrator, but more greatly by the society captured in the book. The townspeople, their hypocritical reactions in regards to sin, work to create an ugly and dark picture of a puritan colonial New England.
Why is it that the woman is persecuted and not the man? Think not just about the current circumstances in the novel, but also about the time period. Do we still do anything similar to this to woman today?
Although the identity of the man is unknown, his identification would not lead to a persecution--at least not a public one (I would not count Chillingworth out, as he is seeking revenge towards Hester’s anonymous lover). They are puritan. The social status of a woman was subordinate to that of a man. Hundreds of years later, the same prejudice exists but not on such an extreme level. In today’s world, a promiscuous woman is not given a public sermon on a town square, but she is preached at on a social media page--where anyone can read it at any time. Religious fervor is not burning out, it is just simmering at a lower temperature.
While I am surprised at Chillingworth's attitude during the interview, I am not surprised that he wants revenge on Hester's secret lover. The townspeople also add to the theme with their hypocrisy. I agree with you that even if the man's identity was known, it would not make much of a difference. I also agree that the same prejudice does still exist today.
DeleteChillingworth's reaction was rather surprising. However, when Hester refuses what she thinks is a poison, I do not blame her. Her husband had just found out that she cheated on him and in those times those measures were taken to punish the women who had committed adultery.
DeleteIn all honesty, Chillingsworth's attitude in the interview does not surprise me all too much. I never expected him to burst into a rage over Hester's mistakes, as he seems to be an educated man and obviously would not do anything rash in the middle of the prison. It made logical sense to me that he would be very angry at the man who knocked her up and not Hester herself, her being young and all that. Besides that, Victoria makes some very good points in her analysis.
DeleteChillingworth does not act how I would expect, I thought he would be upset and angry. He says that she is a sinner, but he is also a sinner and that their sins are evenly matched. This is important to the theme, because the theme of the book is sin. This makes the mood of the story suspenseful, as Chillingworth wants to know who the other sinner is, but when Hester refuses to say who it is, he says he will find out. He wants his revenge, so we can tell that later in the book there will be many problems.
ReplyDeleteThe man is not persecuted, because nobody knows who he is. Hester will not tell people who he is, because Ol' Girl is not a snitch. The novel takes place In a predominantly Puritan time period. In these times, everyone wanted to be completely pure and free of sin. They also saw women as the originators of sin, because of Eve, which is why women are targeted more often than men. Today women are still seen as weaker, emotionally, then men. This is why women are still the victims of sexism.
I agree with you bin that Chillingworth behavior to this entire commotion Is strange. Especially since he is in a way accepting her sins by stating that he had also sinned, therefore it equals out. Even if the identity of the man were to be discovered somehow his actions would be pardoned just as you said, women are considered the originators of sin. This is why in certain areas around the world, this mindset is still intact causing women to be looked down upon
DeleteI agree with you about how the Puritan times were. The Puritans in fact did want to be free of sin. I also agree with the point that you stated about how Puritans say women as the originators of sin. Also Hester did in fact not want to be a "snitch" and rat out the man.
DeleteHester is the real MVP. She didn't tell who was her anonymous lover. I'm sure, following Puritan's customs as I believe they are, her anonymous lover would also be branded with an A or which ever letter they want and be publicly shunned. Hester is taking one for the team. Good post Eric.
DeleteI agree with your second paragraph primarily. You brought up a really good point about Eve, and therefore women, being the originators of sin. I never even looked at it from a biblical perspective, which is kind of dumb because of the setting.
DeleteIn being Hester's husband, Chillingworth's attitude toward Hester and her infidelity is unexpected. This is strange because in being Hester's husband, one would believe that he would have some sort of negative feelings towards Hester for committing adultery. In reality his attitude is almost as if he is accepting the reason for Hester doing so. "I seek no vengeance... the scale hangs fairly balanced" pg 70. Shows that he has no ill feeling toward her actions and that he only wants to discover who Hester committed adultery with.This theme of sin is important because it asks what will occur to Hester for performing such deeds in a religious town.
ReplyDeleteHester is the only one persecuted for reason being she is the only one that has been put under the magnifying glass for committing adultery in being a woman. During this time period women were almost seen as servants to their husbands. In this being so, if Hester's partner would be discovered, the punishment for him would be less severe compared to Hester. In modern times, women are still seen as being inferior to men in parts of the Middle-East. They are forced to conceal themselves and to be escorted by their husbands wherever they go, and if a woman is believed of doing something wrong, she is stoned, without hesitation.
If I was in Chillingsworth's place I would have had some angry feelings toward Hester. In my opinion he took it very well. Also, thank god that the customs have changed since then, because I do not think I would do very well being someone's "servant"; I am not very great at listening to someone else.
DeleteAlright, well Chillingworth is Hester’s husband. The interview and that event set the tone and mood for the rest of the story because of his attitude and motives and Hester’s referring him as the devil. There’s a highly likely probability that Chillingworth will bring Hell to Hester simply to find who the other sinner is—who she slept with. However, the thing is that Chillingworth somehow seemed to seem okay with her sins because he has also has his bucket of sins. He still has this revenge and his agenda to find out who the man is who slept with Hester.
ReplyDeleteIt does seem so that women are more persecuted than men about these things even today. In Puritan times, the woman was below the mad even more than today’s society. Because of Puritan’s strictness, they probably would treat the man fairly the same, unfortunately they don’t know who the guy who went the full length with Hester is. Hester refuses to tell. Now, more to the present time, adultery happens equally between genders and each gender has their own punishments and shunning. However, females are quicker to be labeled as sluts, whore, or so on than males when it comes to sleeping around.
I agree with you. Chillingworth is still mad at the fact that his wife cheated on him, but he is more interested in getting revenge on the man who she slept with. He somewhat forgives Hester because he does have his own sins. Due to his reaction, it is obvious that Chillingworth does not want to be hypocritical towards her.
DeleteI with both of you. Chillingworth is more interested in who Hester's lover is more than the fact that he was cheated on. I also agree with the fact that Chillingworth will do anything to find out who Hesters lover is. Adultery is equal in both genders now, but women are still judged more than men.
DeleteChillingsworth’s attitude toward Hester when he first met her was one of a dual regret mixed with an ironic sarcasm. Because Hawthorne according to the video and from reading loves sin, but also the woman in the video mentioned that Hester might even be more pure that people think. This is because she wears her sins out in the open. Chillingsworth basically says that he cannot judge Hester because the sin between them is balanced. Chillingsworth feels as though Hester was wronged for having to wear the scarlet letter “A.” It is important to the novel because Hawthorne loves sin and hypocrisy.
ReplyDeleteThe woman was persecuted because of how the time period was. In the 1800s, the man was the head of the household and that was consistent until modernly. Women at that time were not allowed to vote and much of what they had to say was overlooked. The woman at that time period were considered whores if they committed adultery and the man was considered a stud; this is known as double standard.
Chillingsworth didn't blame Hester because he also faulted Hester. His and Hester's betrayal balanced each other out. Chillingsworth only blamed Hester's lover, and sets the tone for the rest of the story. Well, besides the time period, I think one of the main reasons that people didn't take action on the man was because they couldn't find her. I also agree with you that woman is viewed as the more responsible party in a case of adultery, and that people have double standard.
DeleteI agree with what you're saying especially in the second paragraph. I think that women were overlooked and anything the men did wrong was just pushed under the rug. I also believe that we still see the double standard you mentioned in today's society.
DeleteChillingworths mood is exhibited during the interview between he and Hester. Hester and her husband, Chillingworth, come face to face for the first time when he is called to her prison cell to provide medical assistance. Hester thinks that Chillingworth might be poisoning her, but he assures that he wants her to live so he can have his revenge. He also urges her to reveal who her lover is but she refuses to. Chillingworths mood and tone is clearly revolved around revenge
ReplyDeleteDuring this time the man is not prosecuted just because nobody knows who exactly the man is. Hester also refuses to tell anyone solely because she just doesn't want to. Back then women were basically considered "pocket change". You could belittle and toss them around as if they were rag dolls, so of course they would be teased and possible sometimes even tossed into prisons. Also during this time puritans revolved around women being evil due to religion. They were considered the prime source to everyone's first sin due to Eve in the Garden of Eden
I agree with one that one of Chillingworth's goal in his visit with Hester is for her to reveal her lover. Although he didn't bear a grudge with Hester, he wanted to take vengeance on her lover. This sets the tone and theme for the rest of the story. I also agree that the main reason they didn't take action on the man was because they couldn't find her. Although man was viewed as less responsible for adultery than the woman, there would still be punishment for him. But, due to the fact that they didn't find him, no action was taken.
Deletei also agree with you Shemar. Not only because your black, but Hester knows who the person is and doesn't want to let anyone know, As she was in her cell and needed medical assistance and noticed who was giving her the potion she didnt drink it. Women are still also pocket change today. You just got to have your swagger right and they all will be bitting at you.
DeleteChillingworth, Hester's husband, bear no grudge against Hester. During the interview, Chillingworth stated he felt he had "wronged (page 70) Hester. He claimed that his "was the first wrong...budding youth into a false and unnatural relation with my decay (page 70)." Therefore, he felt that he has no right to complain about Hester's betrayal. He does, however, wants to seek vengeance on the man who committed adultery with Hester, saying that the man "wronged us both (page 70)." This sets the basis and the tone for the rest of the story. I think the rest of the book will revolve around the sin of the three people. It is the vengeance will of Chillingworth towards Hester's unknown that will allow the story to develop, setting the theme and developing the story.
ReplyDeleteOne of the reason in the book that the man is not persecuted is because they couldn't find the man. The judges asks Hester to speak and "give your child a father (page 64)." However, Hester refuses to talk about it. Another reason that the man could possibly escape persecution is that people tend to view women more negatively relative to adultery. Back in the time when the story takes place, adultery was seem as a very inappropriate. This resulted in Hester's action as shameful and led to the bearing of the scarlet letter. In today's society, people would still judge Hester on adultery. However, adultery is much more common today, and when such thing happens, people tend to ignore it and not do much about it.
I agree, the vengeance Chillingworth is planning towards the man who sinned with Hester will come later in the story and will develop, this helps carry on with the theme of sin. However, Chillingworth looks the other way at the idea that Hester has wronged him and instead wants to find the man. Overall, Chillingworth's behavior seems peculiar and Hester has right into thinking he is indeed the "black man".
DeleteChillingworth's attitude towards Hester and her act of infidelity is one that you would typically not expect from a man who just found out that his wife cheated on him. He acts this way because he feels as if he also sinned because he did marry her at such a young age. Chillingworth took it as the both of them being equal in the situation. His main focus is on seeking revenge on the man who she cheated on him with. This is important to the theme of the novel because it is based on the theme of sin and how everyone commits sinful acts. All of this sets the tone, mood, setting and other literary elements throughout the novel by Chillingworth wanting to find out the other man. He is set on finding out who it was to get his revenge, which could lead to a bumpy road along the way.
ReplyDeleteThe woman is persecuted because of the time period that the book was written and also because no one really knew who the man was. However, even if the man was known, he most likely would not have been persecuted. In the era that the book was written, woman were seen less than men. Men were basically the bosses while the woman were the workers and slaves; even if they were married to that man. If a woman committed adultery, to the people of that time period, it was seen as a serious crime. Today, if a woman commits adultery, nothing really happens to her. Yes, she is seen as a sinner in a religious sense, but in a way to be persecuted, it is not to that extent.
I agree, a man in that time period, or any time period for that matter, would not have been persecuted by any means necessary. Women were viewed in that time period as the workers for the men who only served as a puppet. Even if Hester would have claimed the father of the child, the man wouldn't have been looked as the one committing the sin. Which in Chillingworth's case, the man has committed sin and Chillingworth must seek revenge for Hester and himself.
DeleteChillingworth's reaction to Hester's infidelity is an unexpected one, because one would think that a man who has been cheated on would seek revenge immediately. Chillingworth's reaction was the complete opposite, because it seems as if he were more interested with who he was with, and not the he was cheated on. The theme and tone are mainly set, because of Chillingworth's attitude and Hester referring to him as the devil.
ReplyDeleteHester is the only one being persecuted and not the man, mainly because Hester does not want to say her lovers name. During the time period in which the story takes place women who were committed adultery were seen as the worst women of all women. Children who were born with just their mother were considered illegitimate, because they were not born in a married couple. The only difference between that time period and this time period is that women are not put in jail. The similarities between that time period and this one is women who cheat are labled as the worst of them all.
Chillingworth's reaction to Hester's infidelity is an unexpected one. His attitude is understanding and he does not want vengeance but wants to know who Hester sinned with. This is important to the theme of the novel because of their sin. Chillingworth is set on finding out who the other sinner is and it seems that this will cause problems later on in the novel because of Hester's accusation of him being the "Black Man."
ReplyDeleteHester is being persecuted alone because she won't identify her lover. In that time, people in general, were held to a higher moral standard pretty much equally. However, in modern times, I believe that males are expected to "get a lot of girls," but if a girl were to do the same thing she would be considered a slut.
The mysterious character of Richard Chillingsworth is revealed to be Hester's husband. When Chillingsworth goes to visit his wife in her prison cell, he states that he is not going to kill her, but he does intend to exact his revenge. However, he blames the entire situation on himself, citing that he should not have married Hester so young and that he was foolish to ever believe that a woman as beautiful as her could ever love a "misshapen" bookworm such as himself. When pressed by him, Hester does not reveal the father's identity, and Chillingsworth says he will discover who it is on his own. Chillingsworth's hatred is not aimed at her in any way, or not even himself, even though he is blaming himself. His hatred is aimed at the father. It is very possible that an unfortunate accident could happen to the father later on in the novel, and Chillingsworth's personification as "the Black Man," otherwise known as Satan, will become much more apparent.
ReplyDeleteThroughout history, women have often been blamed for many of humanity's faults, whether it be wars or adultery, it has always been the woman's fault. So of course, this would have been the typical reaction of people in this time period, and Hester should find comfort in the fact that she was only persecuted, and not stoned to death or burned at the stake. In modern times, in this same situation, it would still be the woman's fault in the eyes of society. Hester would be blamed for dressing to provocatively or for being in the wrong place at the wrong time. How this makes sense in the eyes of any sane person escapes me, but that is a whole other essay for a different day.
Chillingworth is more interested in finding who Hester had her relationship with. Chillingworth is kind of nice in a slimy threatening way to Hester. She already knows that it was him, due to way that she shudders when he's around her. Also it says that Chillingworth tried to give her potion and she denied it. She thought that he was trying to posion her to get his revenge. During this section of the book, it makes the reader have more of mean tone and mood towards Chillingworth, spite of the way he treats her.
ReplyDeleteAs to where time from those years to this year, things are a lot different. Not only women should be persecuted but the male should get his weapon confiscated. Because during comitting adultery you have to work as a team. But it don't start until the males weapon is ready for fire. Over a period time, females had to adapt to becoming second and sinning because of the first being in their species which was Eve. She was the first to disobey God back in the day. Today, women from before paved a way for the women today to education and what not.
The conversation between Hester and Chillingworth did not meet my expectations. I expected Chillingworth to go frantic about Hester sleeping with another man, but no he did not. Instead Chillingworth was more interested in finding out who was the man that slept with his wife. Chillingworth blames himself for he married Hester at such a young age. Afterwards, Hester compares him to the devil for she suggests that Chillingworth is after revenge on the man she committed adultery with rather than poisoning her.
ReplyDeleteWomen have always been viewed as a lesser value than men. Since America was born women have been regarded as just an item that a man must posses to clean the house and cook. Women have been given the fault for pregnancy and it is a double standard even today when a woman cheats on a man, they are seen as trash.